Free-standing lawTitles 11 and 24 of the U.S. Code

Title 11: outdated, inapplicable and wrong provisions

Generated by python3 tools/outdated/report.py 11 from analysis/outdated/tables/t11.tsv (reviewed) and analysis/outdated/candidates/t11.json (tools/outdated/scan.py, usc11.xml). Method: tools/outdated/README.md.

278 sections in force; 78 signals in 38 sections; 2 outdated, 7 not applicable, 7 wrong, 7 checked and not a finding.

Outdated

Id Provision Confidence Finding Evidence Recommendation
t11-o-01 11 U.S.C. 101(21B)(C) high Defines the regulatory agency for an institution "for which the Resolution Trust Corporation has been appointed conservator or receiver". The RTC terminated on Dec. 31, 1995, and the FDIC succeeded to its assets and liabilities. 12 U.S.C. 1441a(m)(1) (RTC Completion Act, Pub. L. 103-204). Strike subparagraph (C) in a technical amendment
t11-o-02 11 U.S.C. 101(3), 11 U.S.C. 101(18), 11 U.S.C. 101(19A), 11 U.S.C. 101(51D), 11 U.S.C. 109(e), 11 U.S.C. 303(b), 11 U.S.C. 507(a), 11 U.S.C. 522(d), 11 U.S.C. 522(f), 11 U.S.C. 522(n), 11 U.S.C. 522(p), 11 U.S.C. 522(q), 11 U.S.C. 523(a)(2)(C), 11 U.S.C. 541(b), 11 U.S.C. 547(c)(9), 11 U.S.C. 707(b), 11 U.S.C. 1322(d), 11 U.S.C. 1325(b)(3) high 40 dollar amounts printed in 11 sections are the statutory base amounts; the amounts in force since Apr. 1, 2025, are higher (for example, § 109(e) prints $250,000 and $750,000 for $526,700 and $1,580,125). The text is right in law, because § 104 adjusts the amounts by notice, but a reader of the text alone gets the wrong figure. 11 U.S.C. 104; Judicial Conference notice, 90 F.R. 8941 and 10643, set out under 11 U.S.C. 104; Code footnotes "See Adjustment of Dollar Amounts notes below" (13 places). None in the text; a codification or reader tool should show the adjusted amounts beside the printed ones

Not applicable

Id Provision Confidence Finding Evidence Recommendation
t11-n-01 11 U.S.C. 362(b)(12), 11 U.S.C. 362(b)(13) high Paragraphs (12) and (13) of § 362(b) (actions by the Secretary of Transportation or of Commerce to foreclose ship mortgages) apply, under the sentence that closes § 362(b), only to petitions "filed on or before December 31, 1989". Paragraph (13) also names the Secretary of Commerce, whose maritime functions passed to the Secretary of Transportation in 1981. Flush sentence after 11 U.S.C. 362(b)(29); Pub. L. 97-31, § 3 (46 U.S.C. note). Strike paragraphs (12) and (13) and the closing sentence (keeping the paragraph numbers as "Repealed" or leaving them vacant, as the title prefers)
t11-n-07 11 U.S.C. 523(b) medium A debt excepted from discharge in a prior case "under section 439A of the Higher Education Act of 1965, or under section 733(g) of the Public Health Service Act" stays dischargeable only on the terms of subsection (a). Both sections were repealed in 1978 by the Act that enacted title 11, so the clause reaches only debts excepted in cases decided under them, more than 45 years ago; the same is true of the Bankruptcy Act section 17a alternatives. Pub. L. 95-598, §§ 317, 327, 92 Stat. 2678-2679; References in Text note under 11 U.S.C. 523. Strike the two references (and the section 17a alternatives) as obsolete, after confirming no use
t11-n-02 11 U.S.C. 524(b)(1)(A), 11 U.S.C. 727(a)(8), 11 U.S.C. 727(a)(9) high Alternatives for a prior case "under the Bankruptcy Act" commenced within six or eight years before the petition. The Bankruptcy Act was repealed for cases commenced on or after Oct. 1, 1979, so no Bankruptcy Act case can fall within those periods. Pub. L. 95-598, §§ 401(a), 402(a), 403(a), 92 Stat. 2682-2683. Strike the Bankruptcy Act alternatives
t11-n-03 11 U.S.C. 727(a)(7) medium Acts within one year before the petition "in connection with another case ... under the Bankruptcy Act, concerning an insider". Possible only if a Bankruptcy Act case concerning an insider is still pending. As t11-n-02. Whether any Bankruptcy Act case is still pending has not been checked with the Administrative Office. Strike after confirming with the Administrative Office
t11-n-04 11 U.S.C. 1302(b)(3) medium The chapter 13 trustee disposes of "moneys received or to be received in a case under chapter XIII of the Bankruptcy Act". Chapter XIII wage-earner plans ran at most a few years; no such case is likely to be open 47 years after repeal. Pub. L. 95-598, § 403(a); as t11-n-03. Strike after confirming with the Administrative Office
t11-n-05 11 U.S.C. 330(b)(2) high "Beginning 1 year after the date of the enactment of the Bankruptcy Reform Act of 1994" (that is, Oct. 22, 1995): the condition is met. Pub. L. 103-394, § 117 (Oct. 22, 1994). Omit the opening words as executed ("such $15 shall be paid in addition ...")
t11-n-06 11 U.S.C. 1166(2) medium Makes the railroad reorganization chapter subject to section 601(b) of the Regional Rail Reorganization Act of 1973 (45 U.S.C. 791(b)), which concerns actions to carry out the 1975 final system plan for Conrail and supplemental transactions. The plan was carried out on Apr. 1, 1976, and Conrail's lines were divided between CSX and Norfolk Southern in 1999. 45 U.S.C. 791(b) (in force at 119-138). Ask the Surface Transportation Board whether any supplemental transaction can still arise; if not, strike paragraph (2)

Wrong

Id Provision Confidence Finding Evidence Recommendation
t11-w-01 11 U.S.C. 103(e), 11 U.S.C. 109(b)(2), 11 U.S.C. 109(d), 11 U.S.C. 781(3) high Four provisions except "an uninsured State member bank, or a corporation organized under section 25A of the Federal Reserve Act, which operates, or operates as, a multilateral clearing organization pursuant to section 409 of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Improvement Act of 1991". Section 409 (12 U.S.C. 4422) was repealed in 2010, so no entity operates "pursuant to" it, and chapter 7 subchapter V (§§ 781-784), which exists only for such entities, has no possible debtor. Pub. L. 111-203, § 740, 124 Stat. 1729; References in Text notes under 11 U.S.C. 103, 109 and 781. Clearing organizations are now under title VIII of Dodd-Frank (12 U.S.C. 5461 et seq.). Policy question for the Judiciary Committee: repeal subchapter V of chapter 7 and the exceptions, or substitute the current authority
t11-w-03 11 U.S.C. 541(b)(3) high Cites the Higher Education Act as "(20 U.S.C. 1001 et seq.; 42 U.S.C. 2751 et seq.)". Part C of title IV (work-study) was transferred from 42 U.S.C. 2751 et seq. to 20 U.S.C. 1087-51 et seq. References in Text note under 11 U.S.C. 541; 42 U.S.C. 2751 has status "transferred" at 119-138. Strike "; 42 U.S.C. 2751 et seq."
t11-w-04 11 U.S.C. 901(b), 11 U.S.C. 902(1), 11 U.S.C. 902(5), 11 U.S.C. 943(b)(1) high Chapter 9 cites "section 103(e)" for the provisions that apply in a municipal case. That subsection was redesignated (f) in 2000, and the new § 103(e) concerns multilateral clearing organizations. Pub. L. 106-554, § 1(a)(5) [title I, § 112(c)(5)(A)], 114 Stat. 2763A-394; References in Text notes under 11 U.S.C. 901, 902, 943. Substitute "103(f)"
t11-w-05 11 U.S.C. 1226(b)(2) high Refers to "a standing trustee appointed under section 1202(c)". Section 1202(c) and (d) were repealed in 1986; standing trustees are appointed under 28 U.S.C. 586(b). Pub. L. 99-554, § 227; References in Text note under 11 U.S.C. 1226. Substitute "section 586(b) of title 28"
t11-w-06 11 U.S.C. 104(a), 11 U.S.C. 104(b) high Lists § 1182(1) among the dollar amounts to be adjusted. Section 1182(1) has carried no dollar amount since the BTATCA amendment sunset on June 21, 2024. Judicial Conference notice, 90 F.R. 8941 (Jan. 30, 2025), note 2 to the table: "There is no dollar amount currently set forth in 11 U.S.C. 1182(1)"; Pub. L. 117-151, § 2(i)(1)(B). Strike "1182(1)," from subsections (a) and (b)
t11-w-07 11 U.S.C. 101(25)(A), 11 U.S.C. 101(42), 11 U.S.C. 101(56A), 11 U.S.C. 347(a), 11 U.S.C. 521(c), 11 U.S.C. 523(a), 11 U.S.C. 550(b), 11 U.S.C. 901(a), 11 U.S.C. 1191(a) high Nine drafting errors footnoted by OLRC: a missing comma (101(25)(A), 523(a)), "and" for "or" (101(42)), paragraph (56A) out of sequence (it stands before (53D)), "chapter 7, subchapter V of chapter 11, 12, or 13" (347(a)), a closing parenthesis (521(c)), "section" for "subsection" (550(b)), "350(b) 351,," (901(a)), "of this title" misplaced (1191(a)). Code footnotes "So in original" at 119-138; Amendment notes cited by the footnotes. Correct in a technical corrections bill
t11-w-08 11 U.S.C. 548(e)(2)(B) low OLRC's USLM links "15 U.S.C. 78c(a)(47)" to /us/usc/t15/s78, which does not exist. The text is right; the markup is not. data/uscode/xml/usc11.xml at 119-138. Report to OLRC (XML only)

Checked and not a finding

Id Provision Signal Why it is not a finding
t11-c-01 11 U.S.C. 1110(d), 11 U.S.C. 1168(d), 11 U.S.C. 1168(e) Rules for aircraft and rolling stock "first placed in service on or before October 22, 1994". Such equipment is still in service.
t11-c-02 11 U.S.C. 707(b)(2)(D)(ii) Reservists who served "after September 11, 2001". In force.
t11-c-03 11 U.S.C. 523(a)(10), 11 U.S.C. 525 Debts not discharged in a prior Bankruptcy Act case in which discharge was waived or denied (523(a)(10)) and the bar on discrimination against former Bankruptcy Act debtors (525). Have no time limit and can still apply.
t11-c-04 11 U.S.C. 109(e), 11 U.S.C. 1182(1), 11 U.S.C. 364, 11 U.S.C. 503, 11 U.S.C. 1191, 11 U.S.C. 1225, 11 U.S.C. 1325 Temporary amendments: the CARES Act and BTATCA debt limits (109(e), 1182(1)) and the Paycheck Protection Program provisions (Pub. L. 116-260, § 320). The Code at 119-138 already shows the text as it reverted (June 21, 2024) and records the PPP provisions as struck (Dec. 27, 2022).
t11-c-05 11 U.S.C. 1201 Chapter 12's former sunset. Pub. L. 109-8, § 1001(a), reenacted chapter 12 without an end date, effective July 1, 2005; the note sets out the earlier temporary reenactments.
t11-c-06 11 U.S.C. 1326(b)(3) $25 in § 1326(b)(3) is footnoted for adjustment. The 2025 adjustment leaves it at $25.
t11-c-07 11 U.S.C. 346(d) "terminates under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986": the date signal is the name of the Code. Not a time limit.

Checks

Every unit a row names is in usc11.xml, and every one of the 78 signals is accounted for by a row.